Electronic books

Electronic books should be referenced in the same way as paper books wherever possible. This may be difficult with certain types of electronic book. For instance:

• In Kindle e-books, there are often no page numbers. When referencing a direct quote a location number can be used instead of a page number.
• For free online books, it is sometimes useful to provide a web address and access date. This is especially true for government publications, reports and policies accessed online.