Module code: CLS3003-B
To reinforce basic knowledge of general Chemistry and extend it to cover more advanced aspects of bonding and organic chemistry. To extend this knowledge base through the study of the concepts of enthalpy changes; general and aqueous equilibrium; acids, bases, pH and buffers; and simple organic reactions with reference to a biological or medical context.
Atomic structure: nuclear and electronic (up to s,p,d orbitals). Chemical equations. Mole concept, relative atomic/molar masses, molar volume, reacting masses, molar conc. Intramolecular bonding: ionic, covalent, dative, electronegativity, polarity. Intermolecular bonding: hydrogen, Van der Waals bonding. Nature of organic chemistry: alkanes, alkenes, arenes. Organic functional groups (halogen, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester and amine). Isomerism: structural, geometric and optical. Principles of organic nomenclature. Enthalpy and entropy changes. Hess' Law. Rate equations. Catalysts including enzymes. Activation energy. Equilibrium, equilibrium constant (Kc), Le Chatelier's Principle. Effect of concentration, pressure and temperature. Strong and weak acids and bases. Acid ionisation constant of weak acids. Buffer solutions. Calculation of pH. Principles of organic reaction mechanisms. Simple reactions of alkenes, alcohols, carboxylic acids and amines. (Bio)chemistry of amino acids and proteins.
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